CRDC - RSTR: Restraint & Seclusion Questions

Last Modified on 04/10/2024 12:56 pm CDT

Tool Search: Civil Rights Data Collection (CRDC) > Maintain Survey Results

The following questions are part of the RSTR:Restraint & Seclusion questions for CRDC:

Note: Results for the SCHR: School Characteristics module must be generated at least once for a given school prior to independently generating results for other modules.

When skip logic is provided:

  • If the skip logic criteria is met, data are required in the field for a complete submission.
  • If the skip logic criteria is not met, LEAs may omit the data.

Module Instructions

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Dates

The data reported should be based on the entire 2021-22 regular school year, not including intersession or summer.

When to Report Zero (0) and When to Use Blanks (i.e., NULL Values)

Zeroes represent an actual count or number for fields that are applicable to a given school or LEA. Report a zero ("0") only if the LEA has collected the information and the amount to report for that field is zero. Do not report a "0" for data not collected. Leave a field blank if the LEA does not collect data for that field, if the amount asked is unknown, or if the question does not apply to the LEA.

Not Applicable (NA) and Zero (0) Autofills In Tables

The online tool remembers information that has been entered in other tables and modules and uses that information to fill related tables with either a Not Applicable (NA) code or zero (0) where appropriate. For example, if it is reported that a school does not have any female students who are EL, then other tables that ask for counts of female students who are EL will be automatically filled with a zero.

Key Definitions

  • Mechanical restraint refers to the use of any device or equipment to restrict a student’s freedom of movement. The term includes the use of handcuffs or similar devices by law enforcement officers or other school security to prevent a student from moving the student’s arms or legs. The term does not include devices used by trained school personnel or a student that have been prescribed by an appropriate medical or related services professional and are used for the specific and approved purposes for which such devices were designed, such as:
    • Adaptive devices or mechanical supports used to achieve proper body position, balance, or alignment to allow greater freedom of mobility than would be possible without the use of such devices or mechanical supports;
    • Vehicle safety restraints when used as intended during the transport of a student in a moving vehicle;
    • Restraints for medical immobilization; or
    • Orthopedically prescribed devices that permit a student to participate in activities without risk of harm.
  • Physical restraint refers to a personal restriction, imposed by a school staff member or other individual, that immobilizes or reduces the ability of a student to move their torso, arms, legs, or head freely. The term physical restraint does not include a physical escort. Physical escort includes a touching or holding of the hand, wrist, arm, shoulder, or back of a student for the purpose of inducing a student to walk to a safe location, when the contact does not continue after arriving at the safe location. Encouraging, inducing, or forcing a student to walk to a safe location in a way that involves methods utilized to maintain physical control of a student should be considered a
    physical restraint.
  • Seclusion refers to the involuntary confinement of a student in a room or area, with or without adult supervision, from which the student is not permitted to leave. Students who believe or are told by a school staff member that they are not able to leave a room or area, should be considered secluded. The term does not include: a classroom or school environment where, as a general rule, all students need permission to leave the room or area such as to use the restroom; a behavior management technique that is part of an approved program, which involves the monitored separation of a student in an unlocked setting, from which the student is allowed to leave; or placing a
    student in a separate location within a classroom with others or with an instructor, so long as the student has the same opportunity to receive and engage in instruction.
  • A law enforcement officer includes a sworn or unsworn law enforcement officer. A sworn law enforcement officer is a person who is authorized to make arrests while acting within the scope of explicit legal authority. This officer is responsible for safety and crime prevention and may respond to calls for service and document incidents that occur within their jurisdiction. This officer may be a school resource officer (who has specialized training and is assigned to work in collaboration with school organizations). An unsworn law enforcement officer typically does not have arrest authority, but otherwise holds limited law enforcement powers and responsibilities as part of their regular duties. This officer’s law enforcement powers and responsibilities may include investigative and enforcement activities. A law enforcement officer may be employed by any entity (e.g., police department, school district or school). An officer’s duties may include: motor vehicle traffic control; security enforcement and patrol; maintaining student discipline; identifying problems in the school and proactively seeking solutions to those problems; training teachers and staff in school safety or crime prevention; mentoring students; teaching a law related education course or training students (e.g., drug-related education, criminal law, or criminal prevention courses); recording or reporting discipline problems to school authorities; and providing information to school authorities about the legal definitions of behavior for record-keeping or reporting purposes (e.g., defining assault for school authorities).
  • Nonbinary means not exclusively male or female. Transgender students may be reported as male, female, or nonbinary.

Special Instructions

  • Students may be counted in more than one restraint or seclusion category.
  • A student may be handcuffed with metal, plastic, or cloth devices used to secure a student by linking arms or legs, or to secure a student to another object.
  • For schools that complete Directional Indicator 1 (DIND-1) and select option "B. We offered only remote instruction because of the coronavirus pandemic," AND complete Directional Indicator 2 (DIND-2) and select option "B. Students were not physically in the school setting," the Restraint & Seclusion module does not apply.
  • For schools that complete the SCHR-1: Fully Virtual School Indicator and select "Yes," the Restraint & Seclusion module does not apply.
  • For a school that already disaggregates student enrollment data to include nonbinary students, the nonbinary category in the Restraint & Seclusion module is OPTIONAL.
  • For a school that does NOT already disaggregate student enrollment data to include nonbinary students, the nonbinary category in the Restraint & Seclusion module is SKIPPED.

RSTR-1: Instances of Restraint or Seclusion

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Instructions: Schools and justice facilities, grades K-12, UG.

For the regular 2021-22 school year, not including intersession or summer, enter the number of instances of mechanical restraint, physical restraint, or seclusion for students in grades K-12 (or the ungraded equivalent). 

  • This item deals with instances and not counts of students. One student may be involved in multiple instances, and so the number of instances may exceed the number of students subjected to restraint or seclusion. However, the number of students should not exceed the number of instances.
  • Report the number of instances of mechanical restraint, physical restraint, or seclusion for students in grades K-12 (or the ungraded equivalent), not the number of students who were subjected to restraint or seclusion.
  • A student may be subjected to mechanical restraint, physical restraint, and/or seclusion more than once.
  • For mechanical restraint, include instances for students who are handcuffed. This includes instances for any student who is handcuffed by law enforcement personnel or other school staff, regardless of whether the student is arrested, removed from school grounds, or handcuffed and not arrested. 

Category Mapping: N/A

Grade Levels: K-12

Skip Logic: 

1)  Grades K-12, UG

2) SCHR-1. Fully Virtual School Indicator (SCH_VIRT_IND) is NO.

3) DIND-1. Directional Indicator - Instruction Type (SCH_DIND_INSTRUCTIONTYPE) is A, C, or D AND DIND-2. Directional Indicator - Remote Instruction (SCH_DIND_REMOTETYPE) is A or C.

Notes:

1) Schools that answer Yes for SCHR-1. Fully Virtual School Indicator (SCH_VIRT_IND) skip the Restraint and Seclusion module.

2) For schools that complete Directional Indicator 1 (DIND-1) and select option "B. We offered only remote instruction because of the coronavirus pandemic," AND complete Directional Indicator 2 (DIND-2) and select option "B. Students were not physically in the school setting," the Restraint and Seclusion module does not apply.

Logic
The results column will not show but the user can enter an override.
The user can enter any of the permitted values (Integer, NULL).

Ad Hoc filters can be used to generate results for this question. Please refer to the CRDC - RSTR - Restraint & Seclusion Ad Hoc Filters article for more information regarding these Ad Hoc Filters.

RSTR-2: Non-IDEA Students Subjected to Restraint or Seclusion - Mechanical Restraint

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Instructions: Schools and justice facilities, grades K-12, UG.

For the regular 2021-22 school year, not including intersession or summer, enter the number of Non-IDEA students in grades K-12 (or the ungraded equivalent) who were subjected to mechanical restraint.

  • For mechanical restraint, include counts for students who are handcuffed. This includes counts for any student who is handcuffed by law enforcement personnel or other school staff, regardless of whether the student is arrested, removed from school grounds, or handcuffed and not arrested.
  • A student may be counted in more than one Restraint or Seclusion table. 

Category Mapping: N/A

Grade Levels: K-12

Skip Logic: 

1) Grades K-12, UG

2) RSTR 1.2: Number of instances of mechanical restraint for Non-IDEA students with disabilities (SCH_RSINSTANCES_MECH_IDEA > 0)

3) For Nonbinary questions only. NBIN-1. Nonbinary Student Indicator: School had any nonbinary students in its enrollment records (SCH_NBS_IND is YES).

4) SCHR-1. Fully Virtual School Indicator (SCH_VIRT_IND) is NO.

5) DIND-1. Directional Indicator - Instruction Type (SCH_DIND_INSTRUCTIONTYPE) is A, C, or D AND DIND-2. Directional Indicator - Remote Instruction (SCH_DIND_REMOTETYPE) is A or C.

Notes:

1) Schools that answer Yes for SCHR-1. Fully Virtual School Indicator (SCH_VIRT_IND) skip the Restraint and Seclusion module.

2) For schools that complete Directional Indicator 1 (DIND-1) and select option "B. We offered only remote instruction because of the coronavirus pandemic," AND complete Directional Indicator 2 (DIND-2) and select option "B. Students were not physically in the school setting," the Restraint and Seclusion module does not apply.

Logic
The results column will not show but the user can enter an override.
The user can enter any of the permitted values (Integer, NULL).

Ad Hoc filters can be used to generate results for this question. Please refer to the CRDC - RSTR - Restraint & Seclusion Ad Hoc Filters article for more information regarding these Ad Hoc Filters.

RSTR-3: IDEA Students Subjected to Restraint or Seclusion - Mechanical Restraint

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Instructions: Schools and justice facilities, grades K-12, UG.

For the regular 2021-22 school year, not including intersession or summer, enter the number of instances of mechanical restraint, physical restraint, or seclusion for students in grades K-12 (or the ungraded equivalent). 

  • This item deals with instances and not counts of students. One student may be involved in multiple instances, and so the number of instances may exceed the number of students subjected to restraint or seclusion. However, the number of students should not exceed the number of instances.
  • Report the number of instances of mechanical restraint, physical restraint, or seclusion for students in grades K-12 (or the ungraded equivalent), not the number of students who were subjected to restraint or seclusion.
  • A student may be subjected to mechanical restraint, physical restraint, and/or seclusion more than once.
  • For mechanical restraint, include instances for students who are handcuffed. This includes instances for any student who is handcuffed by law enforcement personnel or other school staff, regardless of whether the student is arrested, removed from school grounds, or handcuffed and not arrested. 

Category Mapping: N/A

Grade Levels: K-12

Skip Logic: 

1)  Grades K-12, UG

2) SCHR-1. Fully Virtual School Indicator (SCH_VIRT_IND) is NO.

3) DIND-1. Directional Indicator - Instruction Type (SCH_DIND_INSTRUCTIONTYPE) is A, C, or D AND DIND-2. Directional Indicator - Remote Instruction (SCH_DIND_REMOTETYPE) is A or C.

Notes:

1) Schools that answer Yes for SCHR-1. Fully Virtual School Indicator (SCH_VIRT_IND) skip the Restraint and Seclusion module.

2) For schools that complete Directional Indicator 1 (DIND-1) and select option "B. We offered only remote instruction because of the coronavirus pandemic," AND complete Directional Indicator 2 (DIND-2) and select option "B. Students were not physically in the school setting," the Restraint and Seclusion module does not apply.

Logic
The results column will not show but the user can enter an override.
The user can enter any of the permitted values (Integer, NULL).

Ad Hoc filters can be used to generate results for this question. Please refer to the CRDC - RSTR - Restraint & Seclusion Ad Hoc Filters article for more information regarding these Ad Hoc Filters.

RSTR-4: Non-IDEA Students Subjected to Restraint or Seclusion - Physical Restraint

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Instructions: Schools and justice facilities, grades K-12, UG.

For the regular 2021-22 school year, not including intersession or summer, enter the number of non-IDEA students in grades K-12 (or the ungraded equivalent) who were subjected to physical restraint.

  • A student may be counted in more than one Restraint or Seclusion table.

Category Mapping: N/A

Grade Levels: K-12

Skip Logic: 

1) Grades K-12, UG

2) RSTR 1.4: Number of instances of physical restraint for students without disabilities (SCH_RSINSTANCES_PHYS_WODS > 0) and/or RSTR 1.6: Number of instances of physical restraint for section 504 only students with disabilities (SCH_RSINSTANCES_PHYS_504 > 0).

3) For Nonbinary questions only. NBIN-1. Nonbinary Student Indicator: School had any nonbinary students in its enrollment records (SCH_NBS_IND is YES).

4) SCHR-1. Fully Virtual School Indicator (SCH_VIRT_IND) is NO.

5) DIND-1. Directional Indicator - Instruction Type (SCH_DIND_INSTRUCTIONTYPE) is A, C, or D AND DIND-2. Directional Indicator - Remote Instruction (SCH_DIND_REMOTETYPE) is A or C.

Notes:

1) Schools that answer Yes for SCHR-1. Fully Virtual School Indicator (SCH_VIRT_IND) skip the Restraint and Seclusion module.

2) For schools that complete Directional Indicator 1 (DIND-1) and select option "B. We offered only remote instruction because of the coronavirus pandemic," AND complete Directional Indicator 2 (DIND-2) and select option "B. Students were not physically in the school setting," the Restraint and Seclusion module does not apply.

Logic
The results column will not show but the user can enter an override.
The user can enter any of the permitted values (Integer, NULL).

Ad Hoc filters can be used to generate results for this question. Please refer to the CRDC - RSTR - Restraint & Seclusion Ad Hoc Filters article for more information regarding these Ad Hoc Filters.

RSTR-5: IDEA Students Subjected to Restraint or Seclusion - Physical Restraint

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Instructions: Schools and justice facilities, grades K-12, UG.

For the regular 2021-22 school year, not including intersession or summer, enter the number of IDEA students in grades K-12 (or the ungraded equivalent) who were subjected to physical restraint.

  • A student may be counted in more than one Restraint or Seclusion table.

Category Mapping: N/A

Grade Levels: K-12

Skip Logic: 

1) Grades K-12, UG

2) RSTR 1.5: Number of instances of physical restraint for IDEA students with disabilities (SCH_RSINSTANCES_PHYS_IDEA > 0).

3) For Nonbinary questions only. NBIN-1. Nonbinary Student Indicator: School had any nonbinary students in its enrollment records (SCH_NBS_IND is YES).

4) SCHR-1. Fully Virtual School Indicator (SCH_VIRT_IND) is NO.

5) DIND-1. Directional Indicator - Instruction Type (SCH_DIND_INSTRUCTIONTYPE) is A, C, or D AND DIND-2. Directional Indicator - Remote Instruction (SCH_DIND_REMOTETYPE) is A or C.

Notes:

1) Schools that answer Yes for SCHR-1. Fully Virtual School Indicator (SCH_VIRT_IND) skip the Restraint and Seclusion module.

2) For schools that complete Directional Indicator 1 (DIND-1) and select option "B. We offered only remote instruction because of the coronavirus pandemic," AND complete Directional Indicator 2 (DIND-2) and select option "B. Students were not physically in the school setting," the Restraint and Seclusion module does not apply.

Logic
The results column will not show but the user can enter an override.
The user can enter any of the permitted values (Integer, NULL).

Ad Hoc filters can be used to generate results for this question. Please refer to the CRDC - RSTR - Restraint & Seclusion Ad Hoc Filters article for more information regarding these Ad Hoc Filters.

RSTR-6: Non-IDEA Students Subjected to Restraint or Seclusion - Seclusion

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Instructions: Schools and justice facilities, grades K-12, UG.

For the regular 2021-22 school year, not including intersession or summer, enter the number of non-IDEA students in grades K-12 (or the ungraded equivalent) who were subjected to seclusion.

  • A student may be counted in more than one Restraint or Seclusion table.

Category Mapping: N/A

Grade Levels: K-12

Skip Logic: 

1) Grades K-12, UG

2) RSTR 1.7: Number of instances of seclusion for students without disabilities (SCH_RSINSTANCES_SECL_WODS > 0) and/or RSTR 1.9: Number of instances of seclusion for section 504 only students with disabilities (SCH_RSINSTANCES_SECL_504 > 0).

3) NBIN-1. Nonbinary Student Indicator: School had any nonbinary students in its enrollment records (SCH_NBS_IND is YES).

4) SCHR-1. Fully Virtual School Indicator (SCH_VIRT_IND) is NO.

5) DIND-1. Directional Indicator - Instruction Type (SCH_DIND_INSTRUCTIONTYPE) is A, C, or D AND DIND-2. Directional Indicator - Remote Instruction (SCH_DIND_REMOTETYPE) is A or C.

Notes:

1) Schools that answer Yes for SCHR-1. Fully Virtual School Indicator (SCH_VIRT_IND) skip the Restraint and Seclusion module.

2) For schools that complete Directional Indicator 1 (DIND-1) and select option "B. We offered only remote instruction because of the coronavirus pandemic," AND complete Directional Indicator 2 (DIND-2) and select option "B. Students were not physically in the school setting," the Restraint and Seclusion module does not apply.

Logic
The results column will not show but the user can enter an override.
The user can enter any of the permitted values (Integer, NULL).

Ad Hoc filters can be used to generate results for this question. Please refer to the CRDC - RSTR - Restraint & Seclusion Ad Hoc Filters article for more information regarding these Ad Hoc Filters.

RSTR-7: IDEA Students Subjected to Restraint or Seclusion - Seclusion

Click here to expand...

Instructions: Schools and justice facilities, grades K-12, UG.

For the regular 2021-22 school year, not including intersession or summer, enter the number of IDEA students in grades K-12 (or the ungraded equivalent) who were subjected to seclusion. 

  • A student may be counted in more than one Restraint or Seclusion table.

Category Mapping: N/A

Grade Levels: K-12

Skip Logic: 

1) Grades K-12, UG

2) RSTR 1.8: Number of instances of seclusion for IDEA students with disabilities (SCH_RSINSTANCES_SECL_IDEA > 0).

3) NBIN-1. Nonbinary Student Indicator: School had any nonbinary students in its enrollment records (SCH_NBS_IND is YES).

4) SCHR-1. Fully Virtual School Indicator (SCH_VIRT_IND) is NO.

5) DIND-1. Directional Indicator - Instruction Type (SCH_DIND_INSTRUCTIONTYPE) is A, C, or D AND DIND-2. Directional Indicator - Remote Instruction (SCH_DIND_REMOTETYPE) is A or C.

Notes:

1) Schools that answer Yes for SCHR-1. Fully Virtual School Indicator (SCH_VIRT_IND) skip the Restraint and Seclusion module.

2) For schools that complete Directional Indicator 1 (DIND-1) and select option "B. We offered only remote instruction because of the coronavirus pandemic," AND complete Directional Indicator 2 (DIND-2) and select option "B. Students were not physically in the school setting," the Restraint and Seclusion module does not apply.

Logic
The results column will not show but the user can enter an override.
The user can enter any of the permitted values (Integer, NULL).

Ad Hoc filters can be used to generate results for this question. Please refer to the CRDC - RSTR - Restraint & Seclusion Ad Hoc Filters article for more information regarding these Ad Hoc Filters.

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